Download Nursing Care Plan for Appendicitis

Download Nursing Care Plan for Appendicitis


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Nursing Care Plan A Client with Acute Appendicitis

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Download Nursing Care Plan for Appendicitis

Download Nursing Care Plan for Appendicitis


Nursing Care Plan for Appendicitis 1

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Nursing Care Plan A Client with Acute Appendicitis

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Free Download EKG Guide

A Guide to Reading and Understanding the EKG
Written by Henry Feldman, '01
Reviewed by Mariano Rey, MD, '76

This guide will help you learn to interpret 12-lead EKG patterns. This is not a comprehensive guide to EKG interpretation, and for further reading, the Dubin textbook is the introductory book of choice.

Download EKG Guide

Click Here

or

Click Here

Free Download EKG Guide

A Guide to Reading and Understanding the EKG
Written by Henry Feldman, '01
Reviewed by Mariano Rey, MD, '76

This guide will help you learn to interpret 12-lead EKG patterns. This is not a comprehensive guide to EKG interpretation, and for further reading, the Dubin textbook is the introductory book of choice.

Download EKG Guide

Click Here

or

Click Here

10 Tips for Good Sex

10 Tips for Good Sex


OK, now's your relationship with him already involve sex. You may think of sex all nice and stayed to do it.
Not that simple. Make sure you check yourself and your partner is not HIV, AIDS or other infectious diseases can be transmitted through intercourse.

In addition there are 10 safe sex tips from us :

1. Although you've certainly safe from infectious diseases, it could still do that unprotected sex. This will prevent you from sexual infections and pregnancies are unwanted.


2. Remember, anti-pregnancy pill is only effective when you have been taking it a month before having sex and you should continue taking it throughout your aktis sexually. If you missed taking the pill if only for a day then you have sex without protection, you could get pregnant.


3. Many people believe, straight up after having sex or jumping can prevent pregnancy. That myth unfounded. When unprotected sex, you not only get pregnant, but also contracted the disease.


4. In some places, there are still women who marry at a younger age and are sexually active at a young age. This can lead to disease susceptible to cervical cancer. So quickly do a Pap smear.


5. If your body does not produce enough natural lubrication during sex, you can find a lubricant that is available on the market. Find out from the gynecologist about lubricating it.


6. Stay faithful to your spouse or monogamous. Although most likely due to go out with many men, you're so susceptible of contracting diseases. Faithful and do safe sex will avoid problems later in life.


7. Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia ke InggrisTunjukkan huruf latin
   Record sex via mobile phone or camcorder is not recommended. It looks great, but you do not know where the video will end it.


8. If you feel uncomfortable having sex with a partner, you are entitled to say no. Sex should only be done when you feel comfortable doing it. Do not be a woman who always wishes the couple.


9. Make sure you perform a complete medical examination at least once a year so you are sexually active. Perform tests if necessary. Nothing is feared more than anything else feel ashamed to do it. Should be treated as soon as you get caught ill or infected with certain diseases.
If you feel bored with sex that is only just like that, you are free to experiment. But remember, stay safe and protected, yes.

10 Tips for Good Sex

10 Tips for Good Sex


OK, now's your relationship with him already involve sex. You may think of sex all nice and stayed to do it.
Not that simple. Make sure you check yourself and your partner is not HIV, AIDS or other infectious diseases can be transmitted through intercourse.

In addition there are 10 safe sex tips from us :

1. Although you've certainly safe from infectious diseases, it could still do that unprotected sex. This will prevent you from sexual infections and pregnancies are unwanted.


2. Remember, anti-pregnancy pill is only effective when you have been taking it a month before having sex and you should continue taking it throughout your aktis sexually. If you missed taking the pill if only for a day then you have sex without protection, you could get pregnant.


3. Many people believe, straight up after having sex or jumping can prevent pregnancy. That myth unfounded. When unprotected sex, you not only get pregnant, but also contracted the disease.


4. In some places, there are still women who marry at a younger age and are sexually active at a young age. This can lead to disease susceptible to cervical cancer. So quickly do a Pap smear.


5. If your body does not produce enough natural lubrication during sex, you can find a lubricant that is available on the market. Find out from the gynecologist about lubricating it.


6. Stay faithful to your spouse or monogamous. Although most likely due to go out with many men, you're so susceptible of contracting diseases. Faithful and do safe sex will avoid problems later in life.


7. Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia ke InggrisTunjukkan huruf latin
   Record sex via mobile phone or camcorder is not recommended. It looks great, but you do not know where the video will end it.


8. If you feel uncomfortable having sex with a partner, you are entitled to say no. Sex should only be done when you feel comfortable doing it. Do not be a woman who always wishes the couple.


9. Make sure you perform a complete medical examination at least once a year so you are sexually active. Perform tests if necessary. Nothing is feared more than anything else feel ashamed to do it. Should be treated as soon as you get caught ill or infected with certain diseases.
If you feel bored with sex that is only just like that, you are free to experiment. But remember, stay safe and protected, yes.

7 True Love Signs

7 True Love Signs. You're tired of the wrong end of love. Instead of expecting true love, who got a day instead of love. Before deciding to accept love someone, pay attention to the signs, whether he is your soulmate? Here's the sign :

1. He is Your Best Friend
   
   We're in trouble, which first occurred in your head is himself. He is good at soothing your heart. Likewise when happy, you know to whom it will be shared happiness. He is always present to you in any situation. There's no better person to fill this role than your spouse. Trust must be married couples who do not afraid to have ups and downs of life.


2. Got a lot of similarity
   
   The results revealed that the most stable marriage is a marriage that involves two people with much in common. Does not really matter what type of similarity, but all of it is capital to langgengnya relationship. Secrets of a true partner is, whenever the two of you can always enjoy with all aspects of life. Do not need anyone else to make you happy. Do you already feel it? If yes, do not remove him.


3. Your interests are Everything
   
   "Love begins when someone discovered that the needs of others is as important as her own needs." (Harry Stack Sullivan). From the body language and his attitude over the years, seen clearly, he treats you as the most important person in her life, she often even than her emphasis on your needs. If he has that potential, he's probably what you're looking for. Because it involves the commitment of eternal love willing to sacrifice for the couple's happiness.


4. Love is not Unconditional
   
   Try to remember, if she ever pouted when you wear clothes that do not fit her taste? Or you ever ignore, when you cut her hair without her knowledge? If yes, you should think about it again to select him so beloved. In fact, true love is love is unconditional, it is capable of receiving spouse.


5. Want to Listen
   
   Whenever you talk to him, not for one moment his attention switching. He was a good listener, able to listen to you talk for hours without feeling bored, attentive and understand what you want. So you do not need to repeat the same sentence many times and said, "You understand baseball hell, what am I talking about?"


6. Always On Time
   
   For any business, he always tried to be on time. Promises to meet at seven that night, he had arrived on the scene half an hour earlier. For him, he is lumutan better, than let you wait. Especially if the meeting pointnya felt unfamiliar with you.


7. Inner Contact
   
   Without spoken, you can know each other weather the heart of each. Although not a psychic, you could almost read each other thoughts and suspected reactions and the feelings of couples in certain circumstances. If you already feel it against him, congratulations! Maybe he's your soul mate.

7 True Love Signs

7 True Love Signs. You're tired of the wrong end of love. Instead of expecting true love, who got a day instead of love. Before deciding to accept love someone, pay attention to the signs, whether he is your soulmate? Here's the sign :

1. He is Your Best Friend
   
   We're in trouble, which first occurred in your head is himself. He is good at soothing your heart. Likewise when happy, you know to whom it will be shared happiness. He is always present to you in any situation. There's no better person to fill this role than your spouse. Trust must be married couples who do not afraid to have ups and downs of life.


2. Got a lot of similarity
   
   The results revealed that the most stable marriage is a marriage that involves two people with much in common. Does not really matter what type of similarity, but all of it is capital to langgengnya relationship. Secrets of a true partner is, whenever the two of you can always enjoy with all aspects of life. Do not need anyone else to make you happy. Do you already feel it? If yes, do not remove him.


3. Your interests are Everything
   
   "Love begins when someone discovered that the needs of others is as important as her own needs." (Harry Stack Sullivan). From the body language and his attitude over the years, seen clearly, he treats you as the most important person in her life, she often even than her emphasis on your needs. If he has that potential, he's probably what you're looking for. Because it involves the commitment of eternal love willing to sacrifice for the couple's happiness.


4. Love is not Unconditional
   
   Try to remember, if she ever pouted when you wear clothes that do not fit her taste? Or you ever ignore, when you cut her hair without her knowledge? If yes, you should think about it again to select him so beloved. In fact, true love is love is unconditional, it is capable of receiving spouse.


5. Want to Listen
   
   Whenever you talk to him, not for one moment his attention switching. He was a good listener, able to listen to you talk for hours without feeling bored, attentive and understand what you want. So you do not need to repeat the same sentence many times and said, "You understand baseball hell, what am I talking about?"


6. Always On Time
   
   For any business, he always tried to be on time. Promises to meet at seven that night, he had arrived on the scene half an hour earlier. For him, he is lumutan better, than let you wait. Especially if the meeting pointnya felt unfamiliar with you.


7. Inner Contact
   
   Without spoken, you can know each other weather the heart of each. Although not a psychic, you could almost read each other thoughts and suspected reactions and the feelings of couples in certain circumstances. If you already feel it against him, congratulations! Maybe he's your soul mate.

Quick Way to Get High

Quick Way to Get High - Many women and men in this world who feel less confident in looking less than ideal due to the body. Including high-posture is one less problem and is usually the cause of the problem is due to heredity (genetic), but not forever kok hereditary factor that continues to be the trigger, so do not be afraid there are many ways to achieve it.

Body with an ideal height of every person's dream. Height velocity increment is different for each person depending on our respective businesses. Before I convey tips on how to quickly raise the body needs to know a few things below.

Factors that influence height

1. Simply Nutrition. Make sure we adequacy of protein, fats, vitamins (like vitamins A and D) and minerals (like iron, calcium, zinc and iodine) because it affects the body exaltation.
2. Descendants factors also determine a person's height. Parents who have a high ideal body opening having a child with a high potential as well.
3. Function of growth hormone stimulates bone growth. Thyroid hormone is required for the smooth process of metabolism. Sex hormones, which consists of the hormone estrogen, progesterone and androgen, served in the process of sexual maturation.
4. Support the environment. Lack of immunization, love is enough and the economic needs can affect appetite, health needs. So that the body was hampered peaking.

Activities that can optimize height

1. Stretching: stretching movements. So that the bones elongate dorsal interested. If these movements are conducted regularly and intensively, it can help stimulate the addition of the long bones of the back.
2. Hanging: dependent with both hands. This movement is very stimulating bone-lengthening of the spine.
3. Kicking : kicking her legs. This movement stimulates bone growth so that the elongated legs in an optimal fashion.
4. Cycling : cycling can stimulate long-legs added. Pedal tread on average, do not tiptoe. Your back straight, not bent. If every day of cycling in a considerable distance, can help stimulate the length legs.
5. Swimming : At the time of swimming, the whole body experience stretches from the body to toe. In addition, nearly swimming movements involving all body muscles.
6. Basketball or volleyball very well stimulate the growth of the body. because the body often do leap-leap upwards. Springboard to defy gravity, causing the stretch on the entire body.

Quick Way to Get High

Quick Way to Get High - Many women and men in this world who feel less confident in looking less than ideal due to the body. Including high-posture is one less problem and is usually the cause of the problem is due to heredity (genetic), but not forever kok hereditary factor that continues to be the trigger, so do not be afraid there are many ways to achieve it.

Body with an ideal height of every person's dream. Height velocity increment is different for each person depending on our respective businesses. Before I convey tips on how to quickly raise the body needs to know a few things below.

Factors that influence height

1. Simply Nutrition. Make sure we adequacy of protein, fats, vitamins (like vitamins A and D) and minerals (like iron, calcium, zinc and iodine) because it affects the body exaltation.
2. Descendants factors also determine a person's height. Parents who have a high ideal body opening having a child with a high potential as well.
3. Function of growth hormone stimulates bone growth. Thyroid hormone is required for the smooth process of metabolism. Sex hormones, which consists of the hormone estrogen, progesterone and androgen, served in the process of sexual maturation.
4. Support the environment. Lack of immunization, love is enough and the economic needs can affect appetite, health needs. So that the body was hampered peaking.

Activities that can optimize height

1. Stretching: stretching movements. So that the bones elongate dorsal interested. If these movements are conducted regularly and intensively, it can help stimulate the addition of the long bones of the back.
2. Hanging: dependent with both hands. This movement is very stimulating bone-lengthening of the spine.
3. Kicking : kicking her legs. This movement stimulates bone growth so that the elongated legs in an optimal fashion.
4. Cycling : cycling can stimulate long-legs added. Pedal tread on average, do not tiptoe. Your back straight, not bent. If every day of cycling in a considerable distance, can help stimulate the length legs.
5. Swimming : At the time of swimming, the whole body experience stretches from the body to toe. In addition, nearly swimming movements involving all body muscles.
6. Basketball or volleyball very well stimulate the growth of the body. because the body often do leap-leap upwards. Springboard to defy gravity, causing the stretch on the entire body.

7 Foods That Make the Body Being Immune

According to health experts with a natural holistic approach, keeping the immune system can actually begin to nurture and maintain a healthy digestive system.

With good conditions of the digestive system, absorption of nutrients from each food is digested more easily. Healthy Digestion can also neutralize toxins as well as against bacteria and viruses that harm the body.

In order for the digestive system remains okay, there are many ways to do but eat regularly with balanced nutrition. One of them is eating the kinds of foods that boost immunity. Here are seven types of food that makes your body is naturally able to resist disease.

1. Garlic : Raw activation, allicin, to serve as antiviral and antibacterial. This substance can clean the liver so that in turn will clean the blood and stimulates production of white blood cells.
   


2. Ginger : This plant contains a number of important substances that can warm the body, making the body sweat, overcoming fever, and neutralize toxins. Ginger is also triggering the release of mucus and effective way to relieve the respiratory tract and lungs. Ginger is also used to cure stomach ache because of its function as a cleanser.
   


3. Honey : This fluid is a natural antibiotic and as an antiseptic. Honey also contains immune boosters and a variety of vitamins and minerals such as B-complex, vitamin C, D, E, and propolis. Honey also can overcome the problems of the throat, allergies, asthma and other respiratory problems because of its ability to overcome irritation.
   


4. Cayenne or Cayenne Pepper : Food that this one has vitamin C, A, B, calcium, and high potassium. In addition, cayenne can also stimulate blood circulation and is known to treat several gastrointestinal diseases.
   


5. Acidophilus and bifidus: Known as the good bacteria, microbes play a role down the growth of bad bacteria in the intestines, improve immune function and stimulates production of vitamin K. Two types of bacteria can be found in yogurt or kefir.


6. Green vegetables: dark green vegetables like kale, swiss chard, and spinach contain vitamin B12, folic acid, potassium, vitamins A, C and K, all of which are known to boost immunity.
   
   


7. Acid and alkaline: Mixture of acid or alkaline balance claimed to improve digestion and help healing.
   For example, you can create a drink lemon juice mixed with warm water.

Source: detikhealth

7 Foods That Make the Body Being Immune

According to health experts with a natural holistic approach, keeping the immune system can actually begin to nurture and maintain a healthy digestive system.

With good conditions of the digestive system, absorption of nutrients from each food is digested more easily. Healthy Digestion can also neutralize toxins as well as against bacteria and viruses that harm the body.

In order for the digestive system remains okay, there are many ways to do but eat regularly with balanced nutrition. One of them is eating the kinds of foods that boost immunity. Here are seven types of food that makes your body is naturally able to resist disease.

1. Garlic : Raw activation, allicin, to serve as antiviral and antibacterial. This substance can clean the liver so that in turn will clean the blood and stimulates production of white blood cells.
   


2. Ginger : This plant contains a number of important substances that can warm the body, making the body sweat, overcoming fever, and neutralize toxins. Ginger is also triggering the release of mucus and effective way to relieve the respiratory tract and lungs. Ginger is also used to cure stomach ache because of its function as a cleanser.
   


3. Honey : This fluid is a natural antibiotic and as an antiseptic. Honey also contains immune boosters and a variety of vitamins and minerals such as B-complex, vitamin C, D, E, and propolis. Honey also can overcome the problems of the throat, allergies, asthma and other respiratory problems because of its ability to overcome irritation.
   


4. Cayenne or Cayenne Pepper : Food that this one has vitamin C, A, B, calcium, and high potassium. In addition, cayenne can also stimulate blood circulation and is known to treat several gastrointestinal diseases.
   


5. Acidophilus and bifidus: Known as the good bacteria, microbes play a role down the growth of bad bacteria in the intestines, improve immune function and stimulates production of vitamin K. Two types of bacteria can be found in yogurt or kefir.


6. Green vegetables: dark green vegetables like kale, swiss chard, and spinach contain vitamin B12, folic acid, potassium, vitamins A, C and K, all of which are known to boost immunity.
   
   


7. Acid and alkaline: Mixture of acid or alkaline balance claimed to improve digestion and help healing.
   For example, you can create a drink lemon juice mixed with warm water.

Source: detikhealth

Helpful Bacteria Maintain Skin's Healthy Balance

Helpful Bacteria Maintain Skin's Healthy Balance. On the skin's surface, bacteria are abundant, diverse and constant, but inflammation is undesirable. Research at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine now shows that the normal bacteria living on the skin surface trigger a pathway that prevents excessive inflammation after injury.

"These germs are actually good for us," said Richard L. Gallo, MD, PhD, professor of medicine and pediatrics, chief of UCSD's Division of Dermatology and the Dermatology section of the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System.

The study, to be published in the advance on-line edition of Nature Medicine on November 22, was done in mice and in human cell cultures, primarily performed by post-doctoral fellow Yu Ping Lai .

"The exciting implications of Dr. Lai's work is that it provides a molecular basis to understand the 'hygiene hypothesis' and has uncovered elements of the wound repair response that were previously unknown. This may help us devise new therapeutic approaches for inflammatory skin diseases," said Gallo.

The so-called "hygiene hypothesis," first introduced in the late 1980s, suggests that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents and microorganisms increases an individuals susceptibility to disease by changing how the immune system reacts to such "bacterial invaders." The hypothesis was first developed to explain why allergies like hay fever and eczema were less common in children from large families, who were presumably exposed to more infectious agents than others. It is also used to explain the higher incidence of allergic diseases in industrialized countries.

The skin's normal microflora – the microscopic and usually harmless bacteria that live on the skin – includes certain staphylococcal bacterial species that will induce an inflammatory response when they are introduced below the skin's surface, but do not initiate inflammation when present on the epidermis, or outer layer of skin.

In this study, Lai, Gallo and colleagues reveal a previously unknown mechanism by which a product of staphylococci inhibits skin inflammation. Such inhibition is mediated by a molecule called staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid (LTA) which acts on keratinocytes – the primary cell types found on the epidermis.

The researchers also found that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation is required for normal inflammation after skin injury.

"Keratinocytes require TLR3 to mount a normal inflammatory response to injury, and this response is kept from becoming too aggressive by staphylococcal LTA," said Gallo. "To our knowledge, these findings show for the first time that the skin epithelium requires TLR3 for normal inflammation after wounding and that the microflora helps to modulate this response." ( nsf.gov)

Helpful Bacteria Maintain Skin's Healthy Balance

Helpful Bacteria Maintain Skin's Healthy Balance. On the skin's surface, bacteria are abundant, diverse and constant, but inflammation is undesirable. Research at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine now shows that the normal bacteria living on the skin surface trigger a pathway that prevents excessive inflammation after injury.

"These germs are actually good for us," said Richard L. Gallo, MD, PhD, professor of medicine and pediatrics, chief of UCSD's Division of Dermatology and the Dermatology section of the Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System.

The study, to be published in the advance on-line edition of Nature Medicine on November 22, was done in mice and in human cell cultures, primarily performed by post-doctoral fellow Yu Ping Lai .

"The exciting implications of Dr. Lai's work is that it provides a molecular basis to understand the 'hygiene hypothesis' and has uncovered elements of the wound repair response that were previously unknown. This may help us devise new therapeutic approaches for inflammatory skin diseases," said Gallo.

The so-called "hygiene hypothesis," first introduced in the late 1980s, suggests that a lack of early childhood exposure to infectious agents and microorganisms increases an individuals susceptibility to disease by changing how the immune system reacts to such "bacterial invaders." The hypothesis was first developed to explain why allergies like hay fever and eczema were less common in children from large families, who were presumably exposed to more infectious agents than others. It is also used to explain the higher incidence of allergic diseases in industrialized countries.

The skin's normal microflora – the microscopic and usually harmless bacteria that live on the skin – includes certain staphylococcal bacterial species that will induce an inflammatory response when they are introduced below the skin's surface, but do not initiate inflammation when present on the epidermis, or outer layer of skin.

In this study, Lai, Gallo and colleagues reveal a previously unknown mechanism by which a product of staphylococci inhibits skin inflammation. Such inhibition is mediated by a molecule called staphylococcal lipoteichoic acid (LTA) which acts on keratinocytes – the primary cell types found on the epidermis.

The researchers also found that Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) activation is required for normal inflammation after skin injury.

"Keratinocytes require TLR3 to mount a normal inflammatory response to injury, and this response is kept from becoming too aggressive by staphylococcal LTA," said Gallo. "To our knowledge, these findings show for the first time that the skin epithelium requires TLR3 for normal inflammation after wounding and that the microflora helps to modulate this response." ( nsf.gov)

Naturally Born Babies Have More Bacterial Protection Than Those Born by Caesarean

Naturally born babies have more bacterial protection than those born by caesarean. Children born by caesarean section more likely to suffer from allergies such as asthma because they pick up less 'natural immunity' from their mother, a study suggests.

Researchers believe this is because, unlike babies born naturally, they do not acquire beneficial bacteria as they pass down the birth canal.

The findings come at a time when caesarean rates are increasing, accounting for more than one in four births in the UK.

This is mainly for medical reasons because of older mothers and obesity but also because some mothers choose to have a caesarean.

Earlier research found that babies delivered by caesarean section are at more than twice the risk of developing food allergies than children born naturally.

They are also significantly more likely to suffer diarrhoea and may be at increased danger of asthma later in life.

The latest study, led by the University of Puerto Rico and University of Colorado, showed that babies delivered naturally had bacterial communities resembling their mother's birth canal, while caesarean section newborns had common skin bacterial communities.

Researchers believe many of the different microbial communities residing on humans – each of which is personally unique – may help protect individuals from various diseases.

The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences study included nine women from 21 to 33 years old and 10 newborns.

The babies were sampled within 24 hours of birth by swabbing their mouths and skin and by taking samples from their upper throats and intestines.

The research team then used a powerful gene sequencing technique to simultaneously analyse all of the bacteria.

The new study has allowed the researchers "to capture the first moments in time" of infant bacterial communities, said Elizabeth Costello, the co-author.

"The challenge now is to fill in the rest of the story by tracking microbial communities in infants to toddlers to children and adults over weeks, months and years to see how they evolve and change," she said. ( telegraph.co.uk)

Naturally Born Babies Have More Bacterial Protection Than Those Born by Caesarean

Naturally born babies have more bacterial protection than those born by caesarean. Children born by caesarean section more likely to suffer from allergies such as asthma because they pick up less 'natural immunity' from their mother, a study suggests.

Researchers believe this is because, unlike babies born naturally, they do not acquire beneficial bacteria as they pass down the birth canal.

The findings come at a time when caesarean rates are increasing, accounting for more than one in four births in the UK.

This is mainly for medical reasons because of older mothers and obesity but also because some mothers choose to have a caesarean.

Earlier research found that babies delivered by caesarean section are at more than twice the risk of developing food allergies than children born naturally.

They are also significantly more likely to suffer diarrhoea and may be at increased danger of asthma later in life.

The latest study, led by the University of Puerto Rico and University of Colorado, showed that babies delivered naturally had bacterial communities resembling their mother's birth canal, while caesarean section newborns had common skin bacterial communities.

Researchers believe many of the different microbial communities residing on humans – each of which is personally unique – may help protect individuals from various diseases.

The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences study included nine women from 21 to 33 years old and 10 newborns.

The babies were sampled within 24 hours of birth by swabbing their mouths and skin and by taking samples from their upper throats and intestines.

The research team then used a powerful gene sequencing technique to simultaneously analyse all of the bacteria.

The new study has allowed the researchers "to capture the first moments in time" of infant bacterial communities, said Elizabeth Costello, the co-author.

"The challenge now is to fill in the rest of the story by tracking microbial communities in infants to toddlers to children and adults over weeks, months and years to see how they evolve and change," she said. ( telegraph.co.uk)

Nursing Care Plan for Schizophrenia

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

Basic Concept of Schizophrenia

Definition

Schizophrenia is a syndrome with various descriptions of the cause (many not yet known) and history (not necessarily chronic or deteriorating) wide, and a number of consequences which depend on consideration of the influence of genetic, physical and socio-cultural (Rusdi Maslim, 1997; 46).

Causes
Offspring
It has been proven by research that the morbidity rate for the half-brother from 0.9 to 1.8%, 7-15% for siblings, for children with one parent who suffered from Schizophrenia 40-68%, 2-15% twins two eggs and one egg twins 61-86% (Maramis, 1998; 215).

Endocrine
This theory is put forward in connection with the frequent occurrence of Schizophrenia at the time of puberty, pregnancy or puerperium time and time climacterium., But this theory can not be proven.

Metabolism
This theory is based for Schizophrenia patients appear pale, unhealthy, a little tip extremity cyanosis, decreased appetite and weight declined and catatonic stupor in patients with decreased oxygen consumption. This hypothesis is still in the proof with the hallucinogenic drug administration.

Central nervous system
Schizophrenia Causes CNS disorders is directed at the diensefalon or brain cortex, but the pathological abnormalities found may be due to postmortem changes or is artefakt in time to make preparations.


Assessment

Assessment is the beginning and the main basis of the assessment phase of nursing process consists of collecting data and formulation of clients' needs or problems.

The data collected consist of biological, psychological, social and spiritual. Grouping of data on mental health pengakajian can also be the predisposing factor, precipitation factor, the assessment of stressors, coping resources and coping abilities possessed clients (stuart and Sunden, 1998). Other studies focus on the way 5 (five) dimensions: physical, emotional, intellectual, social and spiritual. The contents of the study include :

1. Client identity
2. The main complaint / reason for entry
3. Predisposing factors
4. Dimensional physical / biological
5. Psychosocial dimensions
6. Mental status
7. Preparation needs to go home
8. Coping mechanism
9. Psychosocial and environmental problems
10. Medical Aspects

The data obtained through direct observation or examination referred to objective data, the data is delivered in a talk to clients and families through the interview treatment called subjective data.


Nursing Diagnosis

Risk injuring themselves and or others / environment related to changes in sensory perception / hallucinations

General Objectives :
Clients do not mencideri themselves and or others / environment.

Specific objectives :

1. Clients can be a trusting relationship :
   Nursing Intervention :
   • Construct a trusting relationship
     • Regards therapeutic
     • Introducing yourself
     • Explain the purpose of interaction
     • Create a calm environment
     • Create a contract that clearly at every meeting (topics, time and place to talk).
   • Give clients the opportunity to express his feelings.
   • Listen to the client expression of empathy.
   
   
2. Clients can recognize hallucinations
   Nursing Intervention :
   • Make frequent contact and brief
     Rational: to reduce the client's contact with the hallucinations.
   • Obeservasi client behavior associated with hallucinations; talk and laugh without the stimulus, kesekitarnya looked as if there is someone to talk.
   • Help clients to know the hallucinations;
     • If the client answered no, proceed; what was said ?
     • Say that the nurse believes the client to hear.
     • Tell that other clients also have such clients.
     • Say that the treatment will help the client.
   • Discuss with the client about;
     • Situations that can cause / not cause hallucinations.
     • Time and frequency of occurrence of hallucinations (morning, afternoon, evening, night or when alone or when upset / sad).
   • Discuss with the client about what is felt when there hallucinations (angry / scared / sad / happy) and the opportunity to express feelings.
   
   
3. Clients can control the hallucinations
   Nursing Intervention :
   • Identification with the client ways / actions taken when there hallucinations (sleep / angry / busy myself)
   • Discuss the benefits of the ways in which clients, if useful give a compliment.
   • Discussion of new ways to cut / control the occurrence of hallucinations :
     • Say "I do not want with you" (the hallucinations).
     • Meet with other people (nurses / friends / family members to talk to say hallucinations.
     • Create a schedule of daily activities - the day that hallucinations do not have time to appear.
     • Ask other people (nurses / friends of family members) say hello if looks speak for herself.
   • Help clients decide how to select and train / control the hallucinations gradually.
   • Give the opportunity to perform the way they are trained, evaluated the results and praise when successful.
   • Encourage clients to participate in group activity therapy (stimulation of the realization and perception of orientation).

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Schizophrenia

Nursing Care Plan for Schizophrenia

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia

Basic Concept of Schizophrenia

Definition

Schizophrenia is a syndrome with various descriptions of the cause (many not yet known) and history (not necessarily chronic or deteriorating) wide, and a number of consequences which depend on consideration of the influence of genetic, physical and socio-cultural (Rusdi Maslim, 1997; 46).

Causes
Offspring
It has been proven by research that the morbidity rate for the half-brother from 0.9 to 1.8%, 7-15% for siblings, for children with one parent who suffered from Schizophrenia 40-68%, 2-15% twins two eggs and one egg twins 61-86% (Maramis, 1998; 215).

Endocrine
This theory is put forward in connection with the frequent occurrence of Schizophrenia at the time of puberty, pregnancy or puerperium time and time climacterium., But this theory can not be proven.

Metabolism
This theory is based for Schizophrenia patients appear pale, unhealthy, a little tip extremity cyanosis, decreased appetite and weight declined and catatonic stupor in patients with decreased oxygen consumption. This hypothesis is still in the proof with the hallucinogenic drug administration.

Central nervous system
Schizophrenia Causes CNS disorders is directed at the diensefalon or brain cortex, but the pathological abnormalities found may be due to postmortem changes or is artefakt in time to make preparations.


Assessment

Assessment is the beginning and the main basis of the assessment phase of nursing process consists of collecting data and formulation of clients' needs or problems.

The data collected consist of biological, psychological, social and spiritual. Grouping of data on mental health pengakajian can also be the predisposing factor, precipitation factor, the assessment of stressors, coping resources and coping abilities possessed clients (stuart and Sunden, 1998). Other studies focus on the way 5 (five) dimensions: physical, emotional, intellectual, social and spiritual. The contents of the study include :

1. Client identity
2. The main complaint / reason for entry
3. Predisposing factors
4. Dimensional physical / biological
5. Psychosocial dimensions
6. Mental status
7. Preparation needs to go home
8. Coping mechanism
9. Psychosocial and environmental problems
10. Medical Aspects

The data obtained through direct observation or examination referred to objective data, the data is delivered in a talk to clients and families through the interview treatment called subjective data.


Nursing Diagnosis

Risk injuring themselves and or others / environment related to changes in sensory perception / hallucinations

General Objectives :
Clients do not mencideri themselves and or others / environment.

Specific objectives :

1. Clients can be a trusting relationship :
   Nursing Intervention :
   • Construct a trusting relationship
     • Regards therapeutic
     • Introducing yourself
     • Explain the purpose of interaction
     • Create a calm environment
     • Create a contract that clearly at every meeting (topics, time and place to talk).
   • Give clients the opportunity to express his feelings.
   • Listen to the client expression of empathy.
   
   
2. Clients can recognize hallucinations
   Nursing Intervention :
   • Make frequent contact and brief
     Rational: to reduce the client's contact with the hallucinations.
   • Obeservasi client behavior associated with hallucinations; talk and laugh without the stimulus, kesekitarnya looked as if there is someone to talk.
   • Help clients to know the hallucinations;
     • If the client answered no, proceed; what was said ?
     • Say that the nurse believes the client to hear.
     • Tell that other clients also have such clients.
     • Say that the treatment will help the client.
   • Discuss with the client about;
     • Situations that can cause / not cause hallucinations.
     • Time and frequency of occurrence of hallucinations (morning, afternoon, evening, night or when alone or when upset / sad).
   • Discuss with the client about what is felt when there hallucinations (angry / scared / sad / happy) and the opportunity to express feelings.
   
   
3. Clients can control the hallucinations
   Nursing Intervention :
   • Identification with the client ways / actions taken when there hallucinations (sleep / angry / busy myself)
   • Discuss the benefits of the ways in which clients, if useful give a compliment.
   • Discussion of new ways to cut / control the occurrence of hallucinations :
     • Say "I do not want with you" (the hallucinations).
     • Meet with other people (nurses / friends / family members to talk to say hallucinations.
     • Create a schedule of daily activities - the day that hallucinations do not have time to appear.
     • Ask other people (nurses / friends of family members) say hello if looks speak for herself.
   • Help clients decide how to select and train / control the hallucinations gradually.
   • Give the opportunity to perform the way they are trained, evaluated the results and praise when successful.
   • Encourage clients to participate in group activity therapy (stimulation of the realization and perception of orientation).

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Schizophrenia

How to Lower High Blood Pressure

How to Lower High Blood Pressure

1. Blood Pressure Monitor
   If you have hypertension, you should buy a tool to monitor blood pressure, so that when blood pressure rises and can be directly harmful taken or medical treatment as early as possible.


2. Starting an exercise program to lose weight
   Any decrease in weight 1 / 2 pounds, can lower blood pressure 2 mmHg, so very good
   for patients with severe hypertension, type of exercise is the safest way foot, jogging, up and down stairs, aerobic dance, swimming and cycling.


3. Drink Drugs
   Take medication regularly, because if you stop taking the drug, blood pressure can rose higher than initially.


4. Avoid salty foods
   salt is one food that can increase blood pressure, because it eat less salty. Source of salt that is less recognized is frozen food, canned vegetables, and even ulcer drugs / antacids.


5. Avoid alcohol consumption
   Alcohol has a role in increasing blood pressure.


6. Stop smoking
   Smoking is the ultimate taboo for people with hypertension, because nicotine contained in cigarettes can cause increased blood pressure also increased risk for stroke.


7. Eat a banana
   Banana is a fruit that contains a lot of potassium, potassium can reduce the pressure blood, other than potassium banana is also contained in the raisins, milk, yogurt, and juice oranges.


8. Polyunsaturated oil
   Switch to unsaturated oils can reduce blood pressure to 10 mmHg.


9. Learn to relax
   Sometimes the mind can trigger a rise in blood pressure, because it must learn to think casual, but still serious in every problem we are facing.

How to Lower High Blood Pressure

How to Lower High Blood Pressure

1. Blood Pressure Monitor
   If you have hypertension, you should buy a tool to monitor blood pressure, so that when blood pressure rises and can be directly harmful taken or medical treatment as early as possible.


2. Starting an exercise program to lose weight
   Any decrease in weight 1 / 2 pounds, can lower blood pressure 2 mmHg, so very good
   for patients with severe hypertension, type of exercise is the safest way foot, jogging, up and down stairs, aerobic dance, swimming and cycling.


3. Drink Drugs
   Take medication regularly, because if you stop taking the drug, blood pressure can rose higher than initially.


4. Avoid salty foods
   salt is one food that can increase blood pressure, because it eat less salty. Source of salt that is less recognized is frozen food, canned vegetables, and even ulcer drugs / antacids.


5. Avoid alcohol consumption
   Alcohol has a role in increasing blood pressure.


6. Stop smoking
   Smoking is the ultimate taboo for people with hypertension, because nicotine contained in cigarettes can cause increased blood pressure also increased risk for stroke.


7. Eat a banana
   Banana is a fruit that contains a lot of potassium, potassium can reduce the pressure blood, other than potassium banana is also contained in the raisins, milk, yogurt, and juice oranges.


8. Polyunsaturated oil
   Switch to unsaturated oils can reduce blood pressure to 10 mmHg.


9. Learn to relax
   Sometimes the mind can trigger a rise in blood pressure, because it must learn to think casual, but still serious in every problem we are facing.

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Child with Hydrocephalus

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Child with Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus

The term hydrocephalus is derived from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water and "cephalus" meaning head. As the name implies, it is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain. Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — a clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The excessive accumulation of CSF results in an abnormal widening of spaces in the brain called ventricles. This widening creates potentially harmful pressure on the tissues of the brain.

The ventricular system is made up of four ventricles connected by narrow passages.. Normally, CSF flows through the ventricles, exits into cisterns (closed spaces that serve as reservoirs) at the base of the brain, bathes the surfaces of the brain and spinal cord, and then reabsorbs into the bloodstream.

CSF has three important life-sustaining functions :

1. to keep the brain tissue buoyant, acting as a cushion or "shock absorber";
2. to act as the vehicle for delivering nutrients to the brain and removing waste; and
3. to flow between the cranium and spine and compensate for changes in intracranial blood volume (the amount of blood within the brain).

The balance between production and absorption of CSF is critically important. Because CSF is made continuously, medical conditions that block its normal flow or absorption will result in an over-accumulation of CSF. The resulting pressure of the fluid against brain tissue is what causes hydrocephalus.
www.medicinenet.com

Clinical manifestations :

• Enlarging head circumference
• Irritable, lethargic, apathetic
• Convergent strabismus
• Increased Intra-cranial pressure, decreased consciousness
• Fontanels: tense; bulging
• Manifestation appropriate location in the brain lesions.

Assessment

• Medical history: cerebral trauma, cerebral infections, etc.
• Physical examination: a focus area of the head
• Inspection psychomotor
• Other clinical manifestations
• Check diagnostic

Nursing Diagnosis

• The risk of injury related to increased intra-cranial pressure
• The risk of infection related to mechanical drainage installed
• Changes in tissue perfusion related to interruption of blood flow
• The risk of skin integrity related disorders with an emphasis on the area behind the head
• Impaired family processes related to situational crises (children with physical disorders)

Nursing Intervention

The risk of injury associated with increased intra-cranial pressure

• Observation of Increased intra cranial pressure
• Perform neurological assessment
• Position the patient with safe, elevate the head area
• Avoid the use of sedation.

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Child with Hydrocephalus

NCP - Nursing Care Plan for Child with Hydrocephalus

Hydrocephalus

The term hydrocephalus is derived from the Greek words "hydro" meaning water and "cephalus" meaning head. As the name implies, it is a condition in which the primary characteristic is excessive accumulation of fluid in the brain. Although hydrocephalus was once known as "water on the brain," the "water" is actually cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — a clear fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. The excessive accumulation of CSF results in an abnormal widening of spaces in the brain called ventricles. This widening creates potentially harmful pressure on the tissues of the brain.

The ventricular system is made up of four ventricles connected by narrow passages.. Normally, CSF flows through the ventricles, exits into cisterns (closed spaces that serve as reservoirs) at the base of the brain, bathes the surfaces of the brain and spinal cord, and then reabsorbs into the bloodstream.

CSF has three important life-sustaining functions :

1. to keep the brain tissue buoyant, acting as a cushion or "shock absorber";
2. to act as the vehicle for delivering nutrients to the brain and removing waste; and
3. to flow between the cranium and spine and compensate for changes in intracranial blood volume (the amount of blood within the brain).

The balance between production and absorption of CSF is critically important. Because CSF is made continuously, medical conditions that block its normal flow or absorption will result in an over-accumulation of CSF. The resulting pressure of the fluid against brain tissue is what causes hydrocephalus.
www.medicinenet.com

Clinical manifestations :

• Enlarging head circumference
• Irritable, lethargic, apathetic
• Convergent strabismus
• Increased Intra-cranial pressure, decreased consciousness
• Fontanels: tense; bulging
• Manifestation appropriate location in the brain lesions.

Assessment

• Medical history: cerebral trauma, cerebral infections, etc.
• Physical examination: a focus area of the head
• Inspection psychomotor
• Other clinical manifestations
• Check diagnostic

Nursing Diagnosis

• The risk of injury related to increased intra-cranial pressure
• The risk of infection related to mechanical drainage installed
• Changes in tissue perfusion related to interruption of blood flow
• The risk of skin integrity related disorders with an emphasis on the area behind the head
• Impaired family processes related to situational crises (children with physical disorders)

Nursing Intervention

The risk of injury associated with increased intra-cranial pressure

• Observation of Increased intra cranial pressure
• Perform neurological assessment
• Position the patient with safe, elevate the head area
• Avoid the use of sedation.